Olericulture is primarily concerned with which of the following?

Olericulture specifically focuses on the cultivation and production of vegetable crops. This branch of horticulture encompasses various aspects including the breeding, growth, harvesting, storage, and marketing of vegetables. Professionals in olericulture work to improve vegetable varieties, optimize growing conditions, and develop efficient agricultural practices to enhance yield and quality.

While other options such as fruit production, flower cultivation, and aesthetic landscaping fall under different specialized areas in agriculture or horticulture, they do not pertain to the specific study and management of vegetable crops. Thus, the emphasis on olericulture as it relates to vegetable production distinguishes it from the other disciplines mentioned, making it the appropriate answer in this context.