What is the effect of increased levels of phosphorus in water?

The correct answer is the increase in phytoplankton. Phosphorus is a key nutrient that promotes the growth of phytoplankton, which are microscopic plants that float on the surface of water bodies.

When phosphorus levels in water increase, usually as a result of runoff from agricultural fields, sewage, or urban areas, it creates an environment that is rich in nutrients. This nutrient enrichment often leads to algal blooms, where phytoplankton reproduce rapidly. Although some algae are beneficial, excessive growth can lead to issues such as oxygen depletion, harmful algal blooms, and a decline in water quality.

This increase in phytoplankton can significantly affect the aquatic ecosystem. While phytoplankton are a crucial food source for many aquatic organisms, an overabundance can disrupt the balance of the ecosystem. The health of fish populations and other aquatic life can deteriorate when the oxygen levels drop due to the decay of large quantities of phytoplankton after blooms.

In summary, increased levels of phosphorus directly contribute to the proliferation of phytoplankton, impacting the overall aquatic environment.