What is the process of inserting viable sperm into the female reproductive tract called?

The process of inserting viable sperm directly into the female reproductive tract is known as artificial insemination. This technique is widely used in animal breeding to enhance reproduction rates, especially in livestock. By introducing sperm into the female reproductive system, breeders can increase the chances of fertilization without the need for natural mating.

Artificial insemination allows for the use of superior genetic material from high-quality males, increasing the genetic diversity and overall health of the animal population. It also makes it possible to breed females without the need for proximity to males, which can be beneficial in managing breeding schedules and improving efficiency in breeding programs.

Other methods mentioned, such as embryo transfer, involve different stages of reproduction and genetic management, while grading up and linebreeding pertain to different breeding strategies rather than the insertion of sperm.