Which horizon is referred to as subsoil and tends to be lighter in color than the topsoil?

The horizon referred to as subsoil is indeed the B horizon. This layer is situated beneath the topsoil (A horizon) and is characterized by the accumulation of minerals leached from the upper layers, primarily the A horizon. The B horizon generally has a lighter color compared to the darker and more organic-rich A horizon due to the lower concentration of organic matter.

The subsoil plays a critical role in soil health and plant growth, as it often contains essential nutrients that are vital for plant development. Additionally, the texture and structure of the subsoil can influence water retention and drainage, making it a key factor in agricultural productivity. Understanding the properties of the B horizon helps in soil management practices, which is essential in agriculture and environmental conservation.